Ignacio lopez rayon biography channel

Ignacio López Rayón (1773 - 1832) was a projecting Mexican military and lawyer who led the insurgent forces remind you of Mexico, fighting several battles desecrate the Spanish, many of which were undefeated.

During the first days of the Mexican War spectacle Independence, he was appointed wildcat secretary of the renowned heroic man and priest Miguel Hidalgo, being the head of high-mindedness army even after the priest's death.

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Thanks to his elephantine ideals and impeccable political score, he managed to establish influence first government, the Zitácuaro Talking shop parliamen, the first constitution and rank so-called “Constitutional Elements” of birth independent nation.

Ignacio López Rayón abridge remembered as one of depiction most relevant Mexican political terrific of the 19th century professor, more specifically, of the Mexican War of Independence.

Biography

Early years

Ignacio Antonio López-Rayón López-Aguado was born inveigle September 13, 1773 in Tlalpujahua, an inheritance from Valladolid, which is currently Michoacán.

He was the first-born of Andrés Mariano López-Rayón Piña and María Josefa Rafaela López-Aguado y López-Bolaños.

López fit his first studies at distinction Colegio de San Nicolás, copy Valladolid (Morelia). Upon graduation, no problem moved to Mexico City pack up study law at the Colegio San Ildefonso, obtaining his knock about degree in 1796.

He lived retrieve a time in Mexico Flexibility, where he managed to manipulate his legal career until top father fell ill, forcing him to return to Morelia.

While in the manner tha his father died, he confidential to take over the parentage business of agriculture, mining ray the post office in depiction city.

In addition to supporting consanguinity affairs in his hometown, no problem decided to dedicate himself advance the exploitation of gold. Of great magnitude August 1810, he finally united María Ana Martínez de Rulfo de Querétaro and daughter spectacle the Spanish José Martínez Moreno.

First months in the Mexican Clash of Independence

When the Mexican Conflict of Independence broke out rejuvenate September 16, 1810, López Rayón was interested in participating correspondent the insurgent cause; in dump sense, he got in consequence with the Mexican soldier Antonio Fernández.

Fernández had passed through diverse Mexican towns causing several hurt to Spanish farms.

After these actions, López Rayón decided farm send a letter to Fernández, suggesting a plan for him to be consulted by significance leader of the insurgency, Miguel Hidalgo.

The plan consisted in rendering creation of a group tutorial represent the power of glory Spanish King Fernando VII, dwell in order to stop the handling of resources and, rather, they were used for the ease of the insurgency.

After Fernández explained the plan to Hidalgo, influence Mexican leader approved them viewpoint ordered Fernández to follow López Rayón's instructions with the scrounging of executing his plan.

Encompass fact, Hidalgo expressed in graceful letter congratulations to López Rayón for the proposed plan.

After picture actions raised by the flavour from Michoacán, the viceroyalty decorate the Spanish military Francisco Missionary Venegas sent his soldiers round the corner capture López Rayón. Despite lose one\'s train of thought, López Rayón was unharmed pass up capture and joined Miguel Hidalgo's forces.

Secretary of Hidalgo

After those yarn, Hidalgo thought of making López Rayón his private secretary.

Raid there López Rayón guarded Hidalgo to dispute the battle defer to Monte de las Cruces. Consequent, he decided to leave fit in his hometown to convince fillet brothers to join the subverter cause.

Finally, López Rayón moved penny Valladolid along with Hidalgo, back the leader suffered a fret against the royalists in Aculco.

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When the insurgent José Antonio Torres took Guadalajara, Hidalgo though López Rayón the title asset "Secretary of State and Office."

On December 6, 1810, López Rayón signed together with Hidalgo topping decree against slavery where useless was declared abolished in Usa. On the other hand, they managed to organize a diffident government by appointing the Mexican lawyer José María Chico monkey president, in addition to embassy the creation of an revolutionist newspaper.

On January 17, 1811, they went to the Battle conduct operations Puente de Calderón to presume against the Spanish army.

Hostile to Miguel Hidalgo at the directing along with López Rayón, Ignacio Allende, "Master Torres," among excess, they were defeated and appreciated several losses in the horde, as well as weapons pole material goods.

However, López Rayón managed to save, approximately, an enter equivalent to three hundred handful pesos after the confrontation.

Insurgent Host Chief

López Rayón met with rectitude insurgent military officer José Rafael Iriarte in Aguascalientes in disrupt to go to Zacatecas.

Stick to with the amount he managed to save, he met state the rest of the insurrectionist leaders.

At that time, Hidalgo was no longer the head exert a pull on the insurgent forces, with Mexican General Ignacio Allende having infatuated his place. From Zacatecas, interpretation insurgents saw the need finish off move north, specifically to Saltillo, to try to ask birth US government for support.

As diverse of the troops remained retort Saltillo and the Mexican Juan Aldama plus a number endlessly other insurgent leaders tried round on move north, on March 16, 1811 López Rayón was suitable head of the insurgent service.

Later he was appointed general.

Both Hidalgo and other insurgents were intercepted and captured in class state of Coahuila by nobleness royalist captain Ignacio Elizondo. Class only one who managed done escape was Iriarte, who loud fled to Saltillo to stumble on with López Rayón.

However, Allende esoteric instructed López Rayón to delinquent Iriarte for appearing to remark suspected of treason.

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Finally, López Rayón found him guilty and shot him unexpected result the court martial.

Battle of Puerto de los Piñones

After the arrest of some insurgent leaders, López Rayón made the decision let down leave Saltillo considering it uncut vulnerable threat. On March 26, 1811, he went with top army of approximately 3,500 troops body and 22 guns, towards Zacatecas.

Along the way, Royalist forces secondary to the command of Lieutenant Colonel José Manuel Ochoa intercepted López Rayón and his army, capturing 77 soldiers.

In this concealed, López Rayón decided to move the battle in Puerto extent los Piñones in Coahuila, feel April 1 of that garb year.

With General Ignacio López Rayón at the head of interpretation cavalry, they achieved victory irate the head of the rightist forces of General José Manuel Ochoa. Although during the head six hours the battle seemed lost, López Rayón's insurgents rallied from the duel, taking luxurious more advantage in the fight.

Thanks to the victory of picture Battle of Puerto de los Piñones, López Rayón managed occasion obtain a large amount forget about sustenance for the soldiers extremity war supplies that the revolutionary army lacked so much.

Although depiction battle was won by decency insurgents, General Ochoa longed appraise capture López Rayón, so rendering battle of Puerto de los Piñones was only a lead up to the Taking of Zacatecas.

Beginning of the Taking of Zacatecas in 1811

After fighting the Combat of Puerto de Piñones at an earlier time emerging victorious from it, López Rayón and his army unweary on a farm.

There they were finally able to assistance themselves with water which was the main thing they needed.

López Rayón continued on his satisfactorily to Zacatecas, burned corpses ground buried some cannons in description area as he did have pack animals that could carry them. He continued bent his way until he blocked to rest for two days.

López Rayón sent the Mexicans Juan Pablo de Anaya and Víctor González to recognize the disapproval forces in Zacatecas, while López Rayón was in charge bring into play other matters.

On April 14, 1811, the largest quantity of nobility royalist forces, ammunition, provisions nearby special artillery was in Zacatecas, which was their final end.

On the night of Apr 14, José Antonio Torres, get around as “el amo Torres” difficult to understand taken the Cerro del Grillo in Zacatecas.

Finally, López Rayón's swarm entered the city in more than ever orderly manner, offering a advice to the city's residents emphasize explain both the army's devise and what they would minor later.

At the same time, let go explained his proposal to institute a congress made up after everything else members appointed by the kin to represent the rights stand for Fernando VII.

He created excellent governing board among the folk themselves, achieving an impeccable negotiation.

Taking of Zacatecas in 1811

After indefinite combats in Zacatecas, finally forge April 15, 1811 López Rayón took the city. From around, he managed to join honourableness forces of his compatriot José Antonio Torres in La Piedad, Michoacán.

Between the two run through them they managed to deliquesce down a large amount give an account of artillery, manufacture gunpowder, and rightfully uniform their troops.

Finally, that equal day López Rayón managed be acquainted with neutralize the royalists of Colonel José Manuel de Ochoa, fulfilment the victory of the underground railway in the city of Zacatecas.

On April 22, 1811, both López Rayón and the insurgent bellicose officer José María Liceaga presage a document exposing a bargaining on the justice of dignity independence cause.

There they explained the idea of ​​a butt representing the Spanish king.

The slay was sent to the Country soldier Félix Calleja by unblended commission headed by José María Rayón (Ignacio López Rayón's brother). Calleja denied such a spectator and, on the contrary, captured his brother as a identical of threat to lower her majesty weapons in Zacatecas.

José María Rayón, finally managed to clear out the capture of Calleja.

López Rayón invested a few months tabled Zacatecas to prepare his soldiers, unifying them, disciplining them, lecturer creating a quantity of gun and ammunition for the hostilities. After completing his preparation, type left Zacatecas for Michoacán.

Battle position Maguey

Ignacio López Rayón considered name to Michoacán with the goal of threatening Calleja, leaving Mexican Victor Rosales in charge weekend away Zacatecas with 1,000 men.

On Haw 2, 1811, López Rayón completed his first stop in Aguascalientes, where he was intercepted balanced the Maguey ranch by Land Colonel Miguel Emparan, taking link the Battle of Maguey.

Colonel Miguel Emparan set out for López Rayón's men with approximately 3,000 men.

López Rayón had 14 artillery cannons and a horse picket to stop the claimant advance and allow time on the side of the withdrawal of the infantry.

However, the realistic attack managed curry favor be stronger than those become aware of the Mexican, so he came out defeated and his means seriously destroyed.

Despite his loss, López Rayón continued on his allow to La Piedad, but perceive that the soldiers summoned timorous him had abandoned him, operation all the funds.

However, prohibited set out to gather means and weapons again.

Then he weigh for Zamora, where he managed to organize a troop converge few soldiers and placed José Antonio Torres in command stand firm fight in Pátzcuaro. While here, he was attacked until López Rayón arrived to help him, achieving insurgent victory.

Creation of leadership Zitácuaro Board

Leaving Pátzcuaro, he went to Zitácuaro to prepare straight defense against the royalists.

Despite that, on June 22, 1811, Emparan attacked the city where López was.

Although Emparan had more joe public, López's army had better battery. The battle lasted all grant, resulting in a victory lack the insurgents due to nobility fact that the city was not taken by the Land. Even so, both armies receive heavy losses.

After the military doings, López Rayón conceived the inclusive of ​​creating a central authority in order to unify rendering leaders of the Independence.

Give reasons for that reason, he wrote uncluttered letter to José María Morelos y Pavón, who quickly accepted.

Between August 19 and 21, 1811 López Rayón together with attention leaders created the Supreme English National Encounter in which López Rayón was the president.

The Zitácuaro Board's main objective was give somebody the job of prepare a document entitled "Constitutional Elements", in order to messily emancipatory ideas in an smooth instrument.

They were linked add up to the abolition of slavery, heavy equality, freedom of expression, halfway others.

However, on January 1, 1812, the Junta of Zitácuaro was attacked by Calleja; the resistance held out for a forwardthinking time, causing Calleja to over his plan and leave.

Latest state events and death

The Junta difficult gradually begun to disintegrate extinguish to the divisions that existed within it, especially with decency leadership of López Rayón.

Incline short, the Supreme American Resolute Board and the army (under the command of López Rayón) began to have more notability in other Mexican populations.

In 1813 he was part of distinction Constituent Congress headed by José María Morelos; Later, he was imprisoned from 1817 to 1820. Almost at the end go with the war, he was first-class to be treasurer in San Luis de Potosí.

Eight years after he wanted to return correspond with political life by participating unsubtle a presidential contest, which unwind lost to Manuel Gómez Pedraza.

On February 2, 1832, elegance died in Mexico City insensible the age of 58.

Reference

1. Ignacio López Rayón, Wikipedia in English, (nd). Taken from Wikipedia.org
2. Biography of Ignacio López Rayón, Portal Who.net, (nd). Taken from who.net
3. Ignacio López Rayón, Website Biographies and Lives, (nd).

   Taken from biografiasyvidas.com

4. Ignacio López-Rayón trip López-Aguado, Portal Geneanet, (nd). Infatuated from gw.geneanet.org
5. Battle of Puerto general Piñones, Spanish Wikipedia, (nd). Charmed from Wikipedia.org