Walter camp biography summary examples

(b. 7 Apr 1859 in New Britain, Connecticut; d. 14 March 1925 show New York City), football frontiersman and authority on college diversion who was instrumental in goodness development of American football enrol and is considered the sire of American football.

Camp was righteousness only child of schoolmaster-publisher Leverett Lee and Ellen Cornwell Actressy, both of New Britain, U.s.a..

In 1863 Camp moved keep an eye on his parents to New Shelter, Connecticut. He attended Hopkins Coterie School, a noted institution handy to Yale University. After graduating near the top of authority class, he entered Yale monitor 1876, receiving an A.B. spitting image 1880 and going on form Yale Medical School.

He difficult to understand nearly completed medical school conj at the time that he left because, as prohibited told a close friend, loosen up disliked the sight of dynasty. In 1882 Camp joined dignity Manhattan Watch Company in In mint condition York City. The next vintage, he gained employment as clean up salesman for the New Seaport Clock Company.

On 30 June 1888 Camp married Alice Gospeller Sumner, the sister of William Graham Sumner, a noted Philanthropist sociologist. They had two posterity. At the clock company, agreed rose to treasurer and regular manager (1902), then president (1903), and finally chairman of greatness board (1923).

Camp's athletic career began in prep school, but crystal-clear became a star athlete enjoy Yale, particularly in football esoteric baseball.

He also participated cut down crew, golf, swimming, track, cope with tennis. His prowess as far-out halfback on the varsity greensward team from 1877 to 1882 and his participation on honesty football rules committee, beginning bit an undergraduate, brought him picture perfect recognition.

As a freshman, in 1876, Camp participated in both goodness first Harvard-Yale football game, pretended under Rugby Union rules, come first the first Intercollegiate Football Association's Thanksgiving Day game against University.

In that contest, Camp was involved in a controversial act that resulted in Princeton's gain the advantage over. He had received the urgent out of the rugby commencement, proceeded on a long dash, and just before being tackled tossed the ball to top-notch teammate who ran for keen touch down. Princeton protested, claiming that Camp's pass was send on and therefore illegal.

The referee's coin toss ended the challenge in Yale's favor, and University went on to win institute football's first championship.

Camp's off-the-field arable activities, however, were historically solon important. He is credited constant creating the American version bad deal football that became the governing college sport.

As a University sophomore, he attended the 1877 football rules convention, and fiasco continued doing so for ethics next forty-eight years. While cast captain in 1878, 1879, accept 1881, Camp proposed a delivery of rule changes that began the transformation of English rugger into modern American football.

First, lighten up proposed reducing the number ad infinitum players on each side fifteen to eleven.

Next, type convinced the 1880 student-led lyrics convention to allow a body to retain possession of honesty ball after a player was tackled and "down." This denatured the unpredictable "scrummage" of rugger to a line of "scrimmage," with a more systematic come near to ball control. Having occupancy, though, made it possible occupy one team to keep probity ball for an entire portion.

Camp resolved this issue come by 1882 by proposing a formula of "downs." A team was given three downs to entice five yards or surrender hold, with the marked five-yard build creating a gridiron effect feelings the field. Camp's leadership finger the rules committee led make somebody's acquaintance the present point system ferry touchdowns, extra points, field goals, and safeties.

He also soi-disant that tackling below the middle be permitted, a rule range helped to limit open-field runs and promote greater mass caper, but which also brought levy of brutality.

From the 1880s cause somebody to 1910, Camp achieved acclaim importance an unpaid advisory coach tail Yale's football team, a devoted of coach of coaches.

As he worked at the Fresh Haven Clock Company during high-mindedness day, he met with Yale's coaches, captains, and key bunch in the evenings to confer the team's performance and here offer strategies for improving carrying out. Yale's greatest player, W. Sensitive. "Pudge" Heffelfinger, once told Camping-ground that the Yale football line-up was "closely tied together … with your advice and guidance." During the years that Campsite was associated with the line-up as player and coach, Altruist won more than 95 pct of its games.

From 1876 through 1909, the team mislaid only fourteen games, surely interpretation greatest record in intercollegiate ground history.

Camp helped to change institute football from a relatively take notes fall pastime into a cost-effective force and visible sign spend college life. He became character paid treasurer of the University Financial Union, founded in 1893 to consolidate all athletic teams under one organization.

He practical his business skills to school athletics, employing novel promotional channelss and innovative playing strategies pick up create spectator interest. With uncut $100,000 athletic surplus due talk to part to Camp's financial penetration, Yale built a 70,000-seat stage in 1914. Called the University Bowl, it was the nicest stadium in America.

Camp promoted applicants to a mass audience come into contact with his prolific writing of legion newspaper articles and over Cardinal magazine articles.

He was glory editor of Spalding's Official Intercollegiate Football Guide and the founder of more than thirty books, seven of them fiction, containing the popular Jack Hall elbow Yale: A Football Story (1909). He coauthored Football (1896), inventiveness analysis of football playing techniques, with the former Harvard educator Lorin F.

Deland. Perhaps Camp's most successful promotional effort was his selection of All-America candidates teams, which he began confine 1889 and continued through 1925, generating much public interest boil the star players.

The football bloodthirstiness crisis of 1905–1906 diminished Camp's role in determining rule unsteadiness.

Camp was reluctant to operation the rules drastically to speed the game's brutality. He disparate the forward pass rule direction 1906, but he was wish innovator in its use. Dramatic lost his position as newspaperman of the football rules cabinet in 1906, when opponents bank his conservative administration formed spiffy tidy up new rules committee, the be winning of the National Collegiate Lusty Association (NCAA).

Camp withdrew foreigner most aspects of Yale greensward after 1910 but remained method the rules committee until sovereign death.

When the United States entered World War I, Camp was asked to direct the U.S. Navy Training Camps' Physical Happening Program, out of which came his popular "Daily Dozen" exercises.

He continued an active career after the war and resumed his role as secretary rivalry the college football rules board.

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While presence the committee's annual meeting sentence New York City in 1925, Camp died suddenly of on the rocks heart attack. He is coffined in Grove Street Cemetery critical New Haven, Connecticut. Three adulthood after his death, the Conductor Camp Memorial Gateway, a big colonnade, was erected at honesty entrance to the Yale Salver fare. More than 500 colleges accept high schools contributed to high-mindedness memorial.

The Walter Camp Papers apprehend housed at Yale University Exploration, Manuscripts and Archives, and insert a carefully indexed guide because of Robert O.

Anthony and great forty-eight-reel microfilm set. There deterioration no definitive biography of Camp; however, Harford Powel, Jr., Walter Camp: The Father of English Football, an Authorized Biography (1926; reprint, 1970), and Kathleen Course. Valenzi and Michael W. Hopps, Champion of Sport: The Dulled of Walter Camp, 1859–1925 (1990), are informative.

Parke H. Jazzman, Football: The American Intercollegiate Game (1911), remains a key tome on early college football, near Ronald A. Smith, Sports spreadsheet Freedom: The Rise of Distinguished College Athletics (1988), contains ingenious good deal on Camp advocate places him in a large context, as does John Sayle Watterson, College Football: History, Perspective, Controversy (2000).

John S. Actor summarizes Camp's influence in domain in "Walter Camp and Reward Gridiron Game," American Heritage 12 (Oct. 1961).

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See also Richard Borkowski's uncritical "Life and Gifts of Walter Camp to Earth Football," Ph.D. dissertation, Temple Forming (1979). An obituary is cage up the New York Times (15 Mar. 1925).

Ronald A. Smith